Evaluation of Ca19-9 Tumor Marker in Gastric, Pancreatic and Colorectal Cancer Patients in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Abstract

Background: Due to the increase in morbidity and mortality rate, cancer has become an alarming risk to the human population all over the world. As cancer is a progressive disorder, hence timely diagnosis would be helpful to prevent cancer from further progressive severe stage. In Pakistan and especially in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), most of the time, tumor is diagnosed with endoscopy and biopsy. Although studies exist regarding diagnosis of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) carcinoma based on tumor marker, especially CA19-9, but rare is known about its upmost importance in diagnosis and screening as best tumor marker in pancreatic, stomach and colorectal cancer.

Objectives: The objectives of current study were to evaluate the serum level of CA19-9 as best tumor marker in stomach, pancreatic and colorectal cancer patients admitted in hospitals, who have been diagnosed as GIT carcinoma patients with biopsy.

Methodology: In this study, a total of 73 admitted patients having gastric, pancreatic and colorectal cancer were included. The level of CA19-9 was determined in the blood of these patients using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbant Assay (ELISA) technique.

Results: Out of 73 patients, CA19-9 level was high in about 47.94% of the patients. CA19-9 level was high in pancreatic patients (81%) followed by colorectal (52%) and least was in stomach (23%). Moreover, the incidence of gastric, pancreatic and colorectal cancer was more in males as compared to females and patients were more of the age group of 40-60.

Conclusion: CA-19-9 level was high in pancreatic cancer patients followed by colorectal and least was in stomach cancer patients. Moreover male were affected and age group of 40-60 had high cancer incidence